![]() The fluctuation of the magnetic field creates voltage, and it sends a signal to the controller, which reads the wheel speed. When the wheel is in motion, it generates a magnetic field around the sensor. It comprises a toothed wheel, a magnet/electromagnetic coil and a Hall Effect Sensor. Wheel speed sensors calculate the deceleration and acceleration of the wheel. ![]() In this section, we will briefly explain the Anti-Lock Braking System components. However, the rear wheels get only one valve and sensor.Īs mentioned earlier, ABS comprises four main components. The front wheels get separate sensors and valves. It has separate sensors for each wheel, and the front wheels have separate valves. This type of ABS consists of separate sensors and valves for each wheel. Refer to the below table for more details on different types of ABS in cars. The Anti-skid Braking System can be further divided into three types based on the number of wheel speed sensors and pressure-release valves. Hence, ABS comes to your rescue! Types of Anti-lock Braking System Such a quick reflex is humanly impossible. In contrast, even an entry-level Anti-skid Braking System performs threshold braking around 15 to 17 times per second. Yes, even humans can modulate the brake pedal, but the reaction time will be too slow to stop the wheels from locking. Now, you may think it can be done by humans too, and ABS is an unnecessary system that adds to the vehicle’s cost. This cycle repeats several times until the vehicle comes to a stop without any wheel locking. This time the controller sends a signal to the pump to close the pressure-release valve to stop the loss of the brake pressure and increase the braking force. Once that happens, the speed sensors get into the action and send another signal to the controller. The braking pressure is reduced via pressure-release valves.Īfter the brake pressure release, the wheels gain traction and start to rotate. The controller interprets the signal as a wheel lock and sends a signal to the hydraulic motor to release the brake pressure. When your car’s wheels lock up, the sensors detect the sudden change in the wheel speed and relay the information to the controller. The wheel speed sensors monitor the speed of each wheel. Glance through the points below to understand the Anti-lock Braking System working mechanism. The technique involves releasing the brake pedal when the wheel begins to slip and then applying the brakes again when the wheel regains traction. Generally, threshold braking is a popular term in motor racing, where the driver modulates the brake pedal pressure to enhance the braking force. ![]() In simple terms, ABS works on the principle of threshold braking. They are wheel speed sensors, pressure release valves, a hydraulic motor and a controller/ECU (Electronic Control Unit). Four main components make up the Anti-skid braking system. To understand the working of an ABS, you need to know the main components of the system. The job of the ABS is to prevent it and enable you to halt the car safely. The aggressive input on the brake pedal results in the sudden application of brakes, and the tyres lose traction and stop rotating. You already know what happens when you brake heavily in emergency/panic situations. Hence, all the new vehicles come with this crucial piece of safety equipment. This safety feature is mandatory for all cars in India. It can be a lifesaver in such panic braking scenarios. So, now you know the difference ABS can make in dire situations. You will have no control over the brake or steering, and the vehicle will continue to move forward/skid with wheels sliding on the road surface. Once that happens, you are just a passenger. Without ABS: When you slam on the brakes in panic, the wheels will lose traction and start sliding. Hence, your car will stop safely in a short distance, and you avoid a potential accident. ABS modulates the brake pressure and does not allow the wheels to lose traction (lock up). With ABS: As soon as you press the brake pedal, the ABS kicks in to prevent the wheel lockup. Here the outcome of the panic braking can differ with and without ABS. To avoid hitting the pedestrian, you slam on the brakes in panic. A pedestrian crosses the road out of nowhere without observing the oncoming traffic. ![]() To understand what ABS is in a car, let’s look at an example scenario.Įxample: You are driving on a highway at a speed of around 80 to 90 kmph. The role of an ABS or Anti-skid braking system is to prevent the wheels from losing traction under heavy braking by modulating the brake pressure. Without ABS, the wheels can quickly stop rotating and start to slide under panic braking. What is an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)?Īn Anti-lock Braking System in cars means a system that prevents the wheels from locking up during panic/hard braking.
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